What are powers clearly defined in the Constitution referred to as?

The powers clearly defined in the Constitution are referred to as expressed powers. These are specific authorities granted to the federal government by the Constitution, primarily detailed in Article I, Section 8. Expressed powers are explicitly stated and outline the exact functions and responsibilities of the government, such as the power to tax, regulate commerce, declare war, and coin money. This clarity ensures that both the government and citizens understand the scope of governmental authority and helps to maintain a system of checks and balances within the federal structure.

In contrast, implied powers refer to those powers not explicitly stated but are necessary to implement the expressed powers. Delegated powers are another term for powers assigned to the federal government, but they may encompass both expressed and implied powers. Inherent powers are those that the government exercises simply by virtue of being a sovereign state, which are not necessarily laid out in the Constitution.