What article of the Constitution established the Judicial Branch?

The article of the Constitution that established the Judicial Branch is Article 3. This article outlines the structure and authority of the federal judiciary, including the Supreme Court and lower courts established by Congress. It delineates the powers granted to the judicial system, the scope of federal judicial power, and the protections afforded to judges, such as tenure during good behavior and compensation that cannot be diminished while in office. Article 3 serves to ensure an independent judiciary that interprets and applies the law, safeguarding the rights of individuals and maintaining the rule of law within the framework of the Constitution. Understanding this article is fundamental to comprehending how the judiciary operates within the checks and balances system established by the Constitution.