What document sets up a government in the United States?

The Constitution is the foundational legal document that establishes the framework for the government of the United States. It outlines the structure, powers, and limitations of government branches—including the Legislative, Executive, and Judicial branches. The Constitution also sets forth the principles of federalism and the relationship between the federal government and the states. Moreover, it articulates the rights of citizens and establishes processes for governance, including the amendment process to allow for adjustments as society evolves.

In contrast, the Declaration of Independence primarily served to announce the colonies' break from British rule and did not establish a government framework. The Bill of Rights consists of the first ten amendments to the Constitution and primarily focuses on protecting individual liberties and rights. The Articles of Confederation were an early attempt at governance that ultimately proved ineffective, leading to the drafting of the Constitution to create a stronger federal system. Therefore, the Constitution is crucial as it created a stable and enduring governmental structure.