What is the principle of separation of powers?

The principle of separation of powers refers to the division of government responsibilities into distinct branches: legislative, executive, and judicial. This system is designed to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful and ensure that power is balanced among the branches. Each branch has its own functions and powers; for example, the legislative branch makes laws, the executive branch enforces those laws, and the judicial branch interprets them. This framework is crucial in promoting a system of checks and balances, where each branch can monitor and limit the actions of the others, fostering accountability and preventing abuse of power. This principle is foundational in many democratic systems, including that of the United States, where it is a key feature in both state and federal governance.